When kings face each other with one square in between, the side not to move holds the advantage. Master this idea to control key squares.
Opposition also works at a distance. By mirroring the enemy king’s moves, you can force them backward and gain control of critical files or ranks.
Kings can oppose each other diagonally as well. Understanding all three types of opposition helps in practical pawn endgames.
Every pawn has promotion “key squares.” If your king reaches these squares first, promotion is guaranteed. Learn to identify them instantly.
A stronger king pushes the weaker king away from the action, blocking access to important files or ranks. This technique wins many pawn races.
In king and pawn endings, wasting a tempo by triangulating puts the opponent in zugzwang. This small maneuver often decides games.
Creating an outside passer distracts the opponent’s king and gives your own king time to invade elsewhere. This is a recurring winning theme.
Rook pawns (a- and h-files) often draw, even with an extra pawn. Be aware of these special cases so you don’t overestimate your chances.
The king’s role is decisive in pawn endgames. A passive king usually loses, while an active king can dominate even with equal pawns.
Drill these fundamental endings regularly. They appear more often than exotic positions and build the foundation for advanced endgame knowledge.